We all saw it at once. Half a dozen voices screamed 'Grenade!' simultaneously. Then everything went into slow motion. The grenade took an age to travel through its 20 metre arc. A dark, small oval-shaped package of misery the size of a peach ...April 2004: Dan Mills and his platoon of snipers fly into southern Iraq, part of an infantry battalion sent to win hearts and minds. They were soon fighting for their lives. Back home we were told they were peacekeeping. But there was no peace to keep. Because within days of arriving in theatre, Mills and his men were caught up in the longest, most sustained fire fight British troops had faced for over fifty years. This awe-inspiring account tells of total war in throat-burning winds and fifty-degree heat, blasted by mortars and surrounded by heavily armed militias. For six months, they fought alone: isolated, besieged and under constant enemy fire. Their heroic stand a modern-day Rorke's Drift.

With bullets flying, wounded soldiers scream out in pain as the Chinook comes in to land in one of the most dangerous parts of Afghanistan. At the machine's controls is one man and if he doesn't stay calm then everyone could die. That man is Flt Lt Alex 'Frenchie' Duncan DFC and he's been involved in some of the most daring and dangerous missions undertaken by the Chinook force in Afghanistan. In this book he recounts his experiences of life under fire in the dust, heat and bullets of an active war zone. At 99ft long, the Chinook is a big and valuable target to the Taliban, who will stop at nothing to bring one down. And yet Frenchie and his crew risk everything because they know that the troops on the front line are relying on them. Sweating the Metal is the true story of the raw determination and courage of men on the front line - and it's time for their story to be told.

With bullets flying, wounded soldiers scream out in pain as the Chinook comes in to land in one of the most dangerous parts of Afghanistan. At the machine's controls is one man and if he doesn't stay calm then everyone could die. That man is Flt Lt Alex 'Frenchie' Duncan DFC and he's been involved in some of the most daring and dangerous missions undertaken by the Chinook force in Afghanistan. In this book he recounts his experiences of life under fire in the dust, heat and bullets of an active war zone. At 99ft long, the Chinook is a big and valuable target to the Taliban, who will stop at nothing to bring one down. And yet Frenchie and his crew risk everything because they know that the troops on the front line are relying on them. Sweating the Metal is the true story of the raw determination and courage of men on the front line - and it's time for their story to be told.

ADULTERATION OF PAINT.

To understand this subject intelligently it will be necessary to possess some slight knowledge of chemistry and of the materials used by chemists, but any intelligent person can, by careful reading of these descriptions, test substances qualitatively without the aid of expensive apparatus or external assistance of any kind. For quantitative analysis a delicate chemical balance will, of course, be required. Take paints first. White lead is now very seldom sold in the dry state, but samples are occasionally met with. Its covering power being superior to that of any other known paint, it is very largely used, and it is frequently adulterated with substances of inferior quality. The most common adulterants are sulphate of baryta and chalk.

Sulphate of Baryta. Treat a small quantity with dilute nitric acid, and heat on the sandbath. If any insoluble remains, it is either sulphate of barj'ta or insoluble silicates. Filter, take a portion of the insoluble on a piece of clean platinum wire moistened with hydrochloric acid, and test at the blowpipe. If the flame be colored green, the precipitate is sulphate of baryta. By moistening the wire in hydrochloi'ic acid the green color is reproduced many times.

Insoluble Silicates. If no green color appears, the insoluble is a silicate. This may be proved by forming a bead with microcosmic salt on a loop at the end of the platinum wire, and taking some of the precipitate on this bead, fusing it again in the blowpipe flame. If small infusible particles whirl around within the bead while in the flame, the presence of silicates in the precipitate may be inferred.



Chalk. The presence of chalk can only be ascertained after separating the lead. This is best done by adding ammonia solution to the nitric acid solution until alkaline, then sulphate of ammonia in excess, and boiling for five minutes. Filter ofit" the black precipitate which is formed, and to the tiltrate, first tested with an additional drop or two of sulphate of ammonia to insure the removal of the whole of the lead, add ammoniac oxalate. If a white precipitate appear, it is calcic oxalate. Test a portion of this precipitate at the blowpipe. A brick-red color imparted to the flame verifies the presence of chalk.

White Lead. The presence of lead should be ascertained. This is indicated by the black precipitate given v;ith sulphate of ammonia. It may be best ascertained by boiling the nitric acid solution to expel the free nitric acid, adding dilute sulphuric acid to the clear solution, dissolving the white precipitate of sulphate of lead thus formed in ain-inoniac acetate, and adding potassic ehromate to this solution. A heavy yellow precipitate (ehromate of lead) forms when load is {)resent.

Sulphate of Baryta and Silicates. Take 20 grains of the sample, treat with dilute nitric acid as before. The quantity taken for analysis may be weighed in a watch-glass or a small basin, but should be transferred to a beaker, and the glass or basin washed with distilled water before the acid is added. If this precaution be not taken, and the acid added directly in the watch-glass or basin, to be washed into the beaker afterwards, the violent effervescence which takes place on the addition of the acid will occasion considerable loss by spurting. If, after heating with nitric acid, an insoluble remains, a few crystals of chlorate of potash may be added to the boiling liquid to insure the solution of all soluble substances. The boiling is continued for a few minutes, then cold water is added, and the whole passed 111 rough a filter. The insoluble on the filter is washed with Iiof water until the water leaving the filter is no longer



acid to litmus paper. It is then dried on the water-bath, ignited, and weighed. Test at blowpipe as before. Sulphate of bai'yta and silicates, if both present, are not usually separated.

Weighing Precipitates. This general direction applies to almost all precipitates. If strong acids ...

ADULTERATION OF PAINT.

To understand this subject intelligently it will be necessary to possess some slight knowledge of chemistry and of the materials used by chemists, but any intelligent person can, by careful reading of these descriptions, test substances qualitatively without the aid of expensive apparatus or external assistance of any kind. For quantitative analysis a delicate chemical balance will, of course, be required. Take paints first. White lead is now very seldom sold in the dry state, but samples are occasionally met with. Its covering power being superior to that of any other known paint, it is very largely used, and it is frequently adulterated with substances of inferior quality. The most common adulterants are sulphate of baryta and chalk.

Sulphate of Baryta. Treat a small quantity with dilute nitric acid, and heat on the sandbath. If any insoluble remains, it is either sulphate of barj'ta or insoluble silicates. Filter, take a portion of the insoluble on a piece of clean platinum wire moistened with hydrochloric acid, and test at the blowpipe. If the flame be colored green, the precipitate is sulphate of baryta. By moistening the wire in hydrochloi'ic acid the green color is reproduced many times.

Insoluble Silicates. If no green color appears, the insoluble is a silicate. This may be proved by forming a bead with microcosmic salt on a loop at the end of the platinum wire, and taking some of the precipitate on this bead, fusing it again in the blowpipe flame. If small infusible particles whirl around within the bead while in the flame, the presence of silicates in the precipitate may be inferred.



Chalk. The presence of chalk can only be ascertained after separating the lead. This is best done by adding ammonia solution to the nitric acid solution until alkaline, then sulphate of ammonia in excess, and boiling for five minutes. Filter ofit" the black precipitate which is formed, and to the tiltrate, first tested with an additional drop or two of sulphate of ammonia to insure the removal of the whole of the lead, add ammoniac oxalate. If a white precipitate appear, it is calcic oxalate. Test a portion of this precipitate at the blowpipe. A brick-red color imparted to the flame verifies the presence of chalk.

White Lead. The presence of lead should be ascertained. This is indicated by the black precipitate given v;ith sulphate of ammonia. It may be best ascertained by boiling the nitric acid solution to expel the free nitric acid, adding dilute sulphuric acid to the clear solution, dissolving the white precipitate of sulphate of lead thus formed in ain-inoniac acetate, and adding potassic ehromate to this solution. A heavy yellow precipitate (ehromate of lead) forms when load is {)resent.

Sulphate of Baryta and Silicates. Take 20 grains of the sample, treat with dilute nitric acid as before. The quantity taken for analysis may be weighed in a watch-glass or a small basin, but should be transferred to a beaker, and the glass or basin washed with distilled water before the acid is added. If this precaution be not taken, and the acid added directly in the watch-glass or basin, to be washed into the beaker afterwards, the violent effervescence which takes place on the addition of the acid will occasion considerable loss by spurting. If, after heating with nitric acid, an insoluble remains, a few crystals of chlorate of potash may be added to the boiling liquid to insure the solution of all soluble substances. The boiling is continued for a few minutes, then cold water is added, and the whole passed 111 rough a filter. The insoluble on the filter is washed with Iiof water until the water leaving the filter is no longer



acid to litmus paper. It is then dried on the water-bath, ignited, and weighed. Test at blowpipe as before. Sulphate of bai'yta and silicates, if both present, are not usually separated.

Weighing Precipitates. This general direction applies to almost all precipitates. If strong acids ...

In the first volume of this two part issue devoted to Autoimmune Blistering Diseases (AIBD), diagnosis and clinical features of these diseases are covered by an internationally recognized group of authors.  Topics include Pemphigus Vulgaris, Pemphigus Foliaceus, Linear IgA Bullous Disease, and Hair and Nail Loss in AIBD.

Part II of Dr. Murrell’s issue devoted to Autoimmune Blistering Diseases focuses on the management of these conditions along with drug treatment, complications, and the treatment of AIBD around the world.  Articles include corticosteroid use in AIBD, AIBD management in pregnancy, prevention of opportunistic infections, and therapeutic approaches to patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid, as well as AIBD management in France, Iran, the United States and other countries.

Part II of Dr. Murrell’s issue devoted to Autoimmune Blistering Diseases focuses on the management of these conditions along with drug treatment, complications, and the treatment of AIBD around the world.  Articles include corticosteroid use in AIBD, AIBD management in pregnancy, prevention of opportunistic infections, and therapeutic approaches to patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid, as well as AIBD management in France, Iran, the United States and other countries.

This textbook provides a detailed treatment of the histopathology of blistering diseases. In a succinct manner, it covers the clinical features, the immunofluorescence and the electron microscopic findings. It is supplemented by selected references and encompasses the new discoveries which occurred in recent years concerning the molecular aetiology of these diseases. It represents the first book in the field of blistering diseases which contains an in-depth account of histopathology and correlates it with the clinical features and the molecular biology in an unique didactic style.